- **Description**: Performs set operations like UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT. - **Performance**: Depends on set operation (UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT). - **Factors**: Size of input datasets, operation type. - **Cost**: `set operation cost * number of rows` - ![[ex_setop.svg|200x200]]![[ex_hash_setop_except.svg|200]]![[ex_hash_setop_intersect.svg|200]] - ![[ex_hash_setop_except_all.svg|200]]![[ex_hash_setop_intersect_all.svg|200]]![[ex_hash_setop_unknown.svg|200]] ![[ex_setop.png|256]] - **Operates on**: [[Result Set]] - **Workloads**: - [[IO]] - [[BufFileRead]] - [[BufFileWrite]] - [[LWLock]] - [[BufferContent]]