- **Description**: Handles insert, update, and delete operations. - **Performance**: Depends on type of modification (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE). - **Factors**: Number of rows modified, indexes on the table. - **Cost**: `operation cost * number of rows` - ![[ex_insert.svg|200x200]] ![[ex_update.svg|200x200]] ![[ex_delete.svg|200x200]] - **Operates on**: [[Page]] [[Tuple]]